Towards an On-Line Analysis of Tweets Processing

International audienceTweets exchanged over the Internet represent an important source of information, even if their characteristics make them dicult to analyze (a maximum of 140 characters, etc.). In this paper, we define a data warehouse model to analyze large volumes of tweets by proposing measures relevant in the context of knowledge discovery. The use of data warehouses as a tool for the storage and analysis of textual documents is not new but current measures are not well-suited to the specificities of the manipulated data. We also propose a new way for extracting the context of a concept in a hierarchy. Experiments carried out on real data underline the relevance of our proposal

Analyse de gazouillis en ligne

National audienceLes tweets échangés sur Internet constituent une source d'information importante même si leurs caractéristiques les rendent difficiles à analyser (140 caractères au maximum, notations abrégées, . . .). Dans cet article, nous définissons un modèle d'entrepôt de données permettant de valoriser et d'analyser de gros volumes de tweets en proposant des mesures pertinentes dans un contexte de découverte de connaissances. L'utilisation des entrepôts de données comme outil de stockage et d'analyse de documents textuels n'est pas nouvelle mais les mesures ne sont pas adaptées aux spécificités des données manipulées. Les résultats des expérimentations sur des données réelles soulignent la pertinence de notre proposition. / Exchanged tweets on the Internet are an important information source, even if their characteristics make them difficult to analyze (a maximum of 140 characters, shorthand notations, ...). In this paper, we define a model of data warehouse to develop and analyze large volumes of tweets by proposing relevant measures in a knowledge discovery context. Using data warehouses in order to store and analyze textual documents is not new. Traditionally they adapt classical measures which are not really adapted to the data specificities. Furthermore we propose that, if a hierarchy is available, we can automatically detect the context. Conducted experiments on real data show the relevance of our approach

Large-scale mobile audio environments for collaborative musical interaction.

ABSTRACT New application spaces and artistic forms can emerge when users are freed from constraints. In the general case of human-computer interfaces, users are often confined to a fixed location, severely limiting mobility. To overcome this constraint in the context of musical interaction, we present a system to manage large-scale collaborative mobile audio environments, driven by user movement. Multiple participants navigate through physical space while sharing overlaid virtual elements. Each user is equipped with a mobile computing device, GPS receiver, orientation sensor, microphone, headphones, or various combinations of these technologies. We investigate methods of location tracking, wireless audio streaming, and state management between mobile devices and centralized servers. The result is a system that allows mobile users, with subjective 3-D audio rendering, to share virtual scenes. The audio elements of these scenes can be organized into large-scale spatial audio interfaces, thus allowing for immersive mobile performance, locative audio installations, and many new forms of collaborative sonic activity

How to Extract Relevant Knowledge from Tweets?

[Departement_IRSTEA]Territoires [TR1_IRSTEA]SYNERGIE [Axe_IRSTEA]TETIS-SISOInternational audienceTweets exchanged over the Internet are an important source of information even if their characteristics make them difficult to analyze (e.g., a maximum of 140 characters; noisy data). In this paper, we investigate two different problems. The first one is related to the extraction of representative terms from a set of tweets. More precisely we address the following question: are traditional information retrieval measures appropriate when dealing with tweets?. The second problem is related to the evolution of tweets over time for a set of users. With the development of data mining approaches, lots of very efficient methods have been defined to extract patterns hidden in the huge amount of data available. More recently new spatio-temporal data mining approaches have specifically been defined for dealing with the huge amount of moving object data that can be obtained from the improvement in positioning technology. Due to particularity of tweets, the second question we investigate is the following: are spatio-temporal mining algorithms appropriate for better understanding the behavior of communities over time? These two prob- lems are illustrated through real applications concerning both health and political tweets

Development of a Series of Kynurenine 3-Monooxygenase Inhibitors Leading to a Clinical Candidate for the Treatment of Acute Pancreatitis

Recently, we reported a novel role for KMO in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis (AP). A number of inhibitors of kynurenine 3-monooxygenase (KMO) have previously been described as potential treatments for neurodegenerative conditions and particularly for Huntington’s disease. However, the inhibitors reported to date have insufficient aqueous solubility relative to their cellular potency to be compatible with the intravenous (iv) dosing route required in AP. We have identified and optimized a novel series of high affinity KMO inhibitors with favorable physicochemical properties. The leading example is exquisitely selective, has low clearance in two species, prevents lung and kidney damage in a rat model of acute pancreatitis, and is progressing into preclinical development

Fast Event Ordering and Perceptive Consistency in Time Sensitive Distributed Multiplayer Games

Distributed games provide to users an immersive and co-present virtual environment. In time sensitive games, this is achieved if remote perceptions of events respect some physical properties as the passing of time, the spatial positions, the dimensions... and if local updates are displayed instantaneously (fast responsiveness). As shown in the literature, spatio-temporal requirements are satisfied by deadreckoning coupled with timed consistency management. In this paper, we provide a consistency model for fully distributed game systems and an optimistic consistency management that works friendly with (or without) dead reckoning schemes. Our protocol presents two benefits: it provides a consistent state as fast as the network allows and it is well suited for both discrete and continuous media

Une architecture pour le jeu musical virtuel réparti avec jMax et RTP

International audienceWith the growth of multimedia streaming on Internet such as conferencing and IP telephony, we expect to provide a tool making remote musicians play together in real-time and across the Internet. However, the latency and jitter introduced by the network prevent instantaneous listening of the complete song.If we want to ensure an identical feed back for each musician, each of them will hear itself with a constant delay, causing a change on the instrumental practice. However, introducing a delay on the local music is not always necessary. Indeed, the musicians sometimes do refer only on the conductor. Considering the network, we can thus introduce another kind of synchronization which completely hides the latency : the conductor synchronisation. Therefore, we propose an architecture which allows to apply a simple musical synchronization with the help of the RTP protocol. In addition, it is based on the different kind of interactions among musicians

La Cohérence dans les Applications Multimédia Interactives et Distribuées : du concert réparti sur Internet aux jeux multijoueurs en réseau

The design of Distributed Interactive Multimedia Applications (DIMA) on Internet opens new perspectives to work and to have fun in a collaborative way. In these applications, the feeling of co-presence between users is obtained with a digitizing of their actions and a network. However, network transmission delays introduce temporal ambiguities on the user interface. This problem is well-known under the name of consistency, but it is generally treated from an order point of view, instead of physical time one. Thus, we provide formal descriptions to study consistency models. It includes temporal (instantaneity, simultaneity and $\Delta$ legality) and scheduling properties and allows to take into account psycho-perceptive constraints. From these formal definitions, we propose some consistency models and consistency protocols. We implement one of them in nJam, our Networked Musical Performance system (NMP). Our results allow to build a distributed metronome shared between remote musicians, in spite of high latencies on the network. Thanks to public demonstrations and user experiments, we show the practical effectiveness of nJam. Moreover, we show that our results can improve performance of distributed games. Currently, in the DIMA domain, our results are the only ones that take into account network latencies while providing the Perceptive Consistency in a fully distributed way.Les Applications Multimédia Interactives et Distribuées (AMID) sur Internet ouvrent des perspectives nouvelles de travail et de loisir entre utilisateurs du réseau Internet. Dans ces applications, le sentiment de co-présence est obtenu par la numérisation et l'envoi sur le réseau de certaines de leurs actions. Cependant, le délai de transmission de ces actions introduit des ambiguïtés temporelles au niveau de l'interface. Ce problème est connu sous le nom de cohérence, mais il est généralement traité du point de vue de l'ordre dans lequel les actions sont prises en compte, et non du point de vue du temps physique. Afin de prendre en compte les contraintes psycho-perceptives liées à l'utilisation du système, nous proposons un formalisme pour l'étude et l'analyse de modèles de cohérence qui permet de spécifier les propriétés temporelles et les propriétés d'ordonnancement. Les propriétés développées dans ce formalisme sont l'instantanéité, la simultanéité, la $\Delta$ légalité et les conflits d'ordonnancement. Nous avons expérimenté un de nos protocoles de cohérence dans nJam, notre prototype de Performance Musicale Interactive et Distribuée (PMID). Pour ce type d'applications, nos résultats permettent de construire un métronome réparti partagé entre musiciens distants et cela malgré des latences importantes sur le réseau. A l'aide d'expérimentations publiques et de tests effectués avec des utilisateurs, nous montrons l'efficacité de nJam. De plus, nous montrons que nos résultats se transposent dans le domaine des jeux vidéo distribués et qu'ils peuvent améliorer les performances des mécanismes de cohérence existants dans ce domaine. Actuellement, dans le domaine des AMID, notre solution distribuée est la seule qui prend en compte les latences réseau tout en fournissant les propriétés définies par la Cohérence Perceptive

Le Modèle de Cohérence Perceptive pour les Applications Multimédia Interactive et Distribuées

International audienceLes Applications Multimédia Interactives et Distribuées (AMID) permettent la collaboration en temps réel entre plusieurs utilisateurs, à travers un système qui met en relation un groupe d'individus. La réalité mixte, la réalité virtuelle, les jeux vidéo, les performances musicales en réseau, le théâtre virtuel, les groupware interactifs sont des exemples d'AMID où les ambiguïtés temporelles liées à l'échange de messages provoquent des incohérences entre les états des répliques.Pour de telles applications, nous proposons un modèle de cohérence orienté utilisateur, dont les critères sont basés sur la perception du temps physique, lorsque des personnes sont proches. Ensuite, grâce à 'utilisation de spécifications basées sur des horloges physiques locales, nous montrons que notre modèle est libre de conflits d'ordonnancement des opérations

Un algorithme d'auto synchronisation distribuée de flux audio dans le concert virtuel réparti

http://rainbow.essi.fr/events/cfse3/papier/Sa-1.zipInternational audienc